Which of the following describes the changing of relations in a database to reduce redundancy?

Normalization is the process in database design that involves organizing the attributes and relations of a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity. The primary goal of normalization is to ensure that data is stored logically without unnecessary duplication, which can lead to inconsistencies and anomalies when data is updated.

During normalization, a database is typically divided into smaller, related tables. This process helps eliminate repeating groups and ensures that each piece of information is stored only once. For instance, by applying the various normal forms (like first normal form, second normal form, etc.), a designer can systematically address and remove redundancy.

Functional dependency pertains to the relationship between two attributes, where the value of one attribute is dependent on the value of another. While important in understanding how attributes relate, it doesn't specifically address the overall structure of the database concerning redundancy.

Locking refers to mechanisms used to control access to data in a database, particularly in situations where multiple users may attempt to modify the same data simultaneously. This concept is more about data integrity during transactions rather than the organization of data to reduce redundancy.

A parent key, often related to primary and foreign keys, is a term used within the context of relational databases to describe the relationship between tables but doesn't inherently involve the process of reducing redundancy.

Thus